Grinding machine



July 3, 1923.- 1,460,934

u. ANDERSON GRINDING MACHINE lFiled May 26. `l92l 3 Sheets-Sheet l 5 l? /6 2/ 46 7% lz J5 y /5 m2" fl. 1L

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61H01 wub .July 3, 1923. n 1,460,934

U. ANDERSON Patented July 3, 197

1,460,934 rFlca.

GRINDING MACHINE.

Application filed May 26, 1921.

T o all whom t may concern Be it known that ULRICH ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wausau, in the county of Marathon and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grinding Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to grinding machines and has reference more particularly to machines for grinding cylinders and pistons of engines.

The invention is designed especially for use in grinding the cylinders and pistons of internal combustion engines, the construction being such that by the use of So-called adaptors it may be utilized for internal and external grinding. Moreover it may be placed upon the cylinder block of the engine for the purpose of grinding the cylinders, thus doing away with the necessity and attendant expense of removing the block from its place as is now commonly practiced when the cylinders are to be reground.

The construction of the apparatus, moreover, is such that it may be utilized to move the piston into the cylinder for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not the parts have been brought to requisite size to ensure a proper working lit Ordinarily two machines are employed for grinding cylinders and pistons, one for each: and such machines are usually more vor less expensive, and by reason thereof are not to be found in the average machine shop or repair garage. The present structure, however, may be produced at a relatively low cost and as one machine may be utilized for both operations it has a wide field of usefulness and application.

The structure is illustrated in the annexed drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the machine imposed upon an engine block with the internal grinder above one of the cylinders;

Fig. 2 a front sectional elevation;

Fig. 3 a horizontal sectional view on the line III- III of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 a vertical sectional view illustrative of the clutch mechanism employed in conjunction With means for loweringv and' elevating the grinding tool;

Fig. 5 asectional elevation of the lowerl portion of the machine showing a piston secured thereon with the external grinder in Serial No. 472,770.

position to operate thereon when the piston is lowered;

Fig. 6 a horizontal sectional view taken on the line VI--VI of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 a side elevation of the external grinder and its supporting member, and

Fig. 8 a detail view of the bracket supporting the directing pulleys for the drive belt of the external grinder.

'ln said drawings 1 denotes the base of the machine adapted when in use to be bolted to the cylinder block 2 of the engine and over the cylinders 3 therein. The base is provided with a block piece or table 4 upon which is mounted a vertically disposed column 5, suitable clamps as 6 being employed to secure the parts together when the column is brought to its proper adjusted position. This arrangement as to'supporting the column admits of its being turned u on the table so that it may be brought to dilerent positions and readily adjusted to the work.

Column 5 adjacent its lower end is provided with a pocket or recess 7 in which is mountedan electric motor 8, the motor being thus housed and protected from dirt and injury.

The forward face of the column is provided with a vertically disposed way 9 (Fig. 6) upon which there is mounted for up and down movement a saddle 10 which forms thesupport for the grinding tool and its various related and co-operative elements.

Attached to and carried by the upper end of the column is a bracket or casting 11 and journaled therein, Fig. 1, is a vertically disposed threaded shaft 12, the shaft passing through a nut 13 carried in a lateral extension of the saddle 10. A gear 14 issecured to the upper end of shaft 12 said gear meshing with a pinion 15 secured to a vertical shaft 16. A worm wheel 17 is also secured to the shaft, said wheel meshing with a worm 18 secured to a shaft 19 horizontally disposed in suitable bearings provided in the upper end of bracket 11. Journaled upon the shaft are two band pulleys 20 and 21 the outwardly extending hub 22 of each being provided with a socket or recess 23 adapted to receive a locking pin, as 24, one of which is mounted on each of two clutch elements 25 and 26 secured res ctively to the outer ends of shaft 19. haft 19 is shiftable endwise in its bearin and is of such length that when in its me ial position, Fig. 4, the pins 24 will be free of engagement with the sockets so that the pulleys may run free and the shaft remain at rest. By pushing the member' 25 inwardly, or to the left, Fig. 4, the pulley 20 may be locked to shaft 19 and cause the same to rotate, the parts then being in the position shown 1n Figs. 2 and 3.

The outwardly extending hub 27 of clutch element 26 has mounted thereon a collar 28, said lcollar having pintles 29 which engage the forked end of a lever arm 3() secured to a shaft 31 mounted on an arm 32 extending out from bracket 11. A second lever arm 33 is secured to the other end of the shaft and is provided with an opening or eye at its outer end through which passes a Shifter rod 34. A spring 35 encircles the rod above the lever arm 33 which at its upper end is provided with a nut 36. A second spring 37 is located beneath the lever and bears against a nut 38. A stop collar 39 is adjustably mounted on the shifter-rod which latter passes down through a lug 40 fixed to the saddle 10 and a second adjustable stop collar 41 is secured to the lower portion of the rod 34.

Lug 40 aotino" on the collars 39 and 41 serves to shift the rod 34 and consequently shifts the clutch elements and reverses the movement of the saddle 10 whereby the grinding tool will pass down and then up in the cylinder being operated upon. By adjust-ing the collars the length of traverse of the saddle may be readily determined.

The grinder denoted by 42 is designed to be continuously rotated about its axis as the saddle is moved up and down and likewise moved in an orbit coincident with the interior bore of the cylinder being ground. Means is provided whereby the orbital path of movement may be regulated, that is to say, enlarged or diminished, as necessary, whereby the machine may be employed to operate upon cylinders of different diameters.

Motor 8 is employed to actuate the gearing above described for rotating screw shaft 12 and likewise to rotate the grinder about its axis and to move the same through its orbital path. To that end a belt 43 passes about a pulley 44 secured to the motor shaft over pulleys 20 and 21 to which the belt imparts motion. and about a pulley 45. Said pulley 45 is provided with an elongated hub 46 which finds its bearings in an overhanging extension 47 of the bracket 11. Splined in hub 46 and extending downwardly therefrom is a shaft 48 which is splined in and has sliding engagement with a hollow shaft 49.

Saddle 10 is provided with a forward extension 50 which is hollow and of an invert/ed frusto-conical form producing a bearing or seat from the rotatable head or carrier 51 mounted therein.

Said head at its upper end has secured to it an annular gear or gear ring 52 with which meshes a gear 53 mounted on a shaft 54 the latter finding its bearings in an upward extension 55 of a cover-like member 56 secured to the upper end of the saddle extension or bearing 50. Shaft 54 likewise has secured to it a second gear 57 which is in mesh with a pinion 58 journaled upon a shaft 59. `A worm gear 60 secured to shaft 59 is in mesh with a worm 61 formed upon the upper end of shaft 49 and derives its motion therefrom. A clutch 62 controlled through a hand lever 63, Fig. 2, serves to lock pinion 58 to shaft 59 and thus motion is imparted to the carrier or head 51 through gear 57, gear 53 and the annular gear 52. The head may be caused to rotate or brought to rest when desired by simply manipulating the clutch 62. A suitable take-up collar 64 is threaded upon the head 51 and bears against the lower end of the saddle extension 50. The lower end of tubular shaft 49 is supported in a suitable bearing 65 and has secured to 4it an internal annular gear 66, A pinion 67 meshes with said gear, the pinion being secured to the upper end of a shaft 68 mounted in suitable bearings 69 and 70. Shaft 68 at its lower end carries an internal gear 71 which is in mesh with a pinion 72 secured to the upper end of the grinder carrying arbor or shaft 73, the latter being sustained by suitable bearings 74 and 75 mounted in the head extension or adaptor 76.

As will be seen upon reference to Fig. 1 shaft 73 is located to one side of the axis' of the head extension or adaptor 76 and that the latter is eccentrically mounted in the lower portion of the carrier or head 51 to obtain an eccentricity from zero to maximum. Pinion 67 will mesh with gear 66 at all points when adjusting the adaptor to greater or less orbital range; in other words the eccentric location of the pinion 67 conforms to the pitch line of gear 66 throughout the entire rotary movement of the adaptor 76 so that when turned 180o from the posifion shown in Fig. 1, shafts 73 and 49 are in Head extension 76 is mounted for rotative adjustment in the head 51 and such adjustment may be effected by a worm 77 taking into a worm gear or circular rack 78 formed around the head extension or adaptor 76, a handle 79, 'F ig. 2, being provided for actuation of the worm.

Inasmuch as the member 76 is eccentrically mounted in the carrier or head 51 a rotation of said member through manipulation of the worm 77 will carry the grinder 42 and its shaft 73 fromvor toward the axis of the head and as a consequence the grinder will be moved through a circular path of greater or less diameter when thehead 51 is rotated, the grinder being at the same time rotated about its own axis. Thus the grinder may be positioned to grind cylinders of different sizes or diameters.

In operation the base 1 is placed on the cylinder block and a taper plug (not shown) passed through opening 80 and into the underlying cylinder thus accurately positioning the base. The base is then bolted to the block, (the cylinder head bolts being usually employed) and when this is done the column is placed on the table 4 and a taper dowel pin 81 passed through an opening in the base of the column and into an opening in the table, thus centering or aligning the carrier or head 51 with the cylinder. The column is then clamped in place. Clutch element 25 is then thrown in and operated by hand (the motor being at rest) and through worm 18, gea-r 17, pinion 15, gear 14, shaft 12, and nut 13, the saddle 10 and the parts carried thereby are lowered until the grinder 42 is brought in position with reference to the cylinder. Then through manipulation of worm 77 the grinder will be moved laterally toward or from the cylinder wall so that it will when rotated' and moved downwardly and upwardly therein produce the desired cut. The motor is then started and clutch 62 thrown in. The grinder is then caused to rotate about its own axis andl likewise through rotation of the, head 51 is carried through an orbit concentric with the'cylinder wall. At the same time the saddle is caused to descend and, when it has reached such a point in its downward movement that lug 40 contacts collar 41 on the shifter rod 34, the rod is pulled down and spring 35 compressed until the pin 24 of clutch element 25 is disengaged from the pin 23 of pulley 20. Thereupon the spring 35 through arm 33 and arm 30 will move clutch element 26 inward and carry its pin 24 into position to engage with the pin 23 of pulley 21. This causes a reverse movement of the screw and a consequent upward movement of the saddle. When the saddle reaches its upper limit lug 40 contacts collar 39 and the position of the clutch mechanism is reversed. When it becomes necessary to set the grinder or emery wheel out to give more cut, clutch 62 is disengaged and worm 77 manipulated to eliect the desired adjustment.

As above noted the machine is also designed for grinding pistons and this may be readily eiected by the employment of certain adaptors which will now be described.

To position a piston as 82 which is to be ground (seeFig. 5) the adaptor 76 is removed as is also the worm 77 and a block or adaptor 83 having an eccentrically arranged threaded stem -84 extending downwardly therefrom is placed in the lower end of the carrier head 51, being secured therein-by a pin 85 which in turn is held in place by a screw 86. The piston is secured in place by screwing the cross head 87, sustained on a cross pin 88, up on the stem 84 and against a face plate 89 interposed between the upper end of the piston and the lower end of the head 51.

The grinder 90 for this work is mounted on the lower end of a shaft 91 journaled in a bracket 92 and a band pulley 93 is secured to the upper end of the shaft. The bracket is sustained upon a shaft 94 extending therethrough and through lugs 95, 96 extending port for two pulleys 103 and 104. The motor shaft is likewise provided with a second pulley 105 and a belt passes thereabout, around pulley 103, pulley 9,7,1pulley 93, and pulley 104, thus imparting motion to the grinder shaft 91 and consequently to grinder 90. By adjusting screw 99 the periphery of the grinder may be brought into proper opera-tive relation to the exterior surface of the piston which will be ground thereby as the piston is moved up and down past the same through the upward and downward movement of the saddle 10 and head 51, the head being likewise rotated at the same time and thereby rotating the piston. The stop collars 39 and 41 will, of course, be so adsuch operation stop collars 39 and 41 will be brought into close contact with lug 40 and the reversing clutch elements 25 and 26 held in inoperative position. The head and the piston carried thereby will still continue to rotate and the grinder moved into the groove by turning screw 99. This grinding operation of the piston preferably takes place with the column swung around to one side of the cylinder block so as to afford sufficient space for the downward movement of the piston.

Supposing a cylinder has been ground as first described one may readily test the fit of a piston therein by simply turning the column around through 90 and causing the saddle and head with the piston thereon to move downwardly and thus present the piston to 4the cylinder. If the piston be too remesa large it may be further ground. This is of importance where the operator is not accustomed to the use of micrometer gages- It will thus be seen that with a single machine, with an adaptor 76 for the internal grinder and an adaptor 83 for the piston with means for supporting the external grinder and a common drive or motor for both grinders, both cylinders and pistons may be ground.

It will likewise be noted that driving gears associated with the head 51 are allenclosed and that the head is given an extended bearing making for true and accurate work.

Instead of employing pin clutches such as are illustrated it is evident thatA I may use cone clutches. y

What is claimed is 1. In a grinding machine, the combination of a base; a column mounted for rotative adjustment thereon; a saddle mounted for vertical movement upon the column; a head rotatably supported in the saddle; a ygrinder supported by the head eccentrically to the axis of the head; meansfor adjusting said grinder to vary the eccentricity thereof; means for rotating the grinder about its own axis independently of the rotation of the head; and means for securing the column to the base whereby the column, and consequently the parts carried thereby, may be brought into different positions with reference to the base.

2.In a grinding machine, the combination of a vertically reciprocating saddle; means for limiting the vertical movement of saddle; a head rotatably mounted thereon; means for arresting the rotary movement of the head; a head extension eccentrically attached to the head; a grinder shaft mounted in said extension; means for varying the eccentricity of said extension to the head; and driving means for the shaft mounted within and supported by the head.

8. In a grinding machine, the combination of a rotatable head; a head extension eccentrically mounted therein and detachable therefrom; means for adjusting the extension about its axis from a position concentric with the axis of the head to maximum eccentricity; a shaft mounted in said extension to one side of its axis. a grinder carried by said shaft; a driving shaft mounted in the head; a third shaft located between said driving shaft and the grinder shaft coaxial with said extension; and gearing interposed between the drive shaft and the third shaft and between said third shaft and the grinder shaft.

4. In a grinding machine, the combination of a saddle having'a vertically disposed inverted conical seat formed therein; a head mounted for rotation therein; an extension mOllIltfSd ecentrically in the-lower end of the head; a grinder supporting shaft ecccntrically mounted in said extension; means for adjusting the extension about its axis with reference to the head; a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the head; a third shaft located intermediate said other shafts; gearing connecting the driving shaft to said third shaft; gearin connecting said third shaft to the grin er shaft.; means for rotating said driving shaft; a gear carried by the upper end of the head; and driving connections between said gear and the driving shaft.

5. In a grinding machine, the combination of a saddle having a vertically disposed inverted conical seat formed therein; a head mounted for rotation therein; an extension mounted eccentrically in the lower end of the head; a grinder supporting shaft eccentrically mounted in said extension; means for adjusting the extension about its axis with reference to the head; a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the head; a third shaft located intermediate said other shafts; gearing connecting the driving shaft to said third shaft; gearing connecting said third shaft to the grinding shaft; means for rotating said driving shaft; a gear carried by the upper end' of the head; and driving connections, including a manually controlled clutch, between said gear and the driving shaft.

l6. In a grinding machine, the combination of a column; a Way vertically disposed thereon; a. saddle mounted on said way; a head carried by the saddle; a grinder shaft sustained at the lower end of the head; a hollow shaft extending vupwardly into the head; gearing interposed between the latter shaft and the grinder shaft; an annular gear attached to the head; gearing interposed between said gear and the hollow shaft; a driving shaft extending into the hollow shaft and having a. sliding connection therewith; a pulley having a sliding connection with the driving shaft; a feed screw for reciprocating the saddle; gearing for actuating the same; comprising a reversible clutch mechanism; a pair of pulleys for actuating said last named gearing; a motor; and a belt passing therefrom over said last named pulleys and about the pulley on the driving shaft.

7. In a grinding machine, the combination of a column; a way vertically disposed thereon; a saddle mounted on said way; a head carried by the saddle; a grinder shaft sustained at the lower end of the head; a hollow shaft extending upwardly intothe head; gearing interposed between the hollow shaft and the grinder shaft; an annular gear attached to the head; gearing interposed between said gear and the hollow shaft; a driving shaft extending into the hollow shaft and having a sliding connec- Macnee tion therewith; a pulley having a sliding connection with the driving shaft; a feed screw for reciprocating the saddle; gearing for actuating the same; embodying a reversible clutch mechanism; a pair of pulleys for actuating said last named gearing; a motor; a belt passing therefrom over said last named pulleys and about the pulley on the driving shaft; and means controlled by the movement of the saddle for reversing the reversible clutch mechanism.

8. In a grinding machine, the combination of a base; a column surmounting the same; a saddle mounted upon the column; means for imparting vertical reciprocation to said saddle; a head enclosed within the saddle; means fon rotating said head; an ada tor mounted in the lower portion of the ead; a grinder carried by said adaptor; and means for imparting rotary movement to the grinder independent of the rotary lmovement of the head.

9. In a grinding machine, the combination of a base; a. column surmounting the same; a hollow saddle mounted upon the column; means for imparting vertical reciprocation to the saddle; a supporting head mounted for rotation within the saddle; means for rotating the same; an adaptor extending from the lower portion of the head; a grinder; and gearing located within the head and connected to the grinder for rotating the latter, said gearing being of the speed multiplying type; whereby a relatively rapid rotation will be imparted to the grinder over that imparted to the head.

l0. In a grinding machine, the combination of a base; a column surmounting the same; a hollow saddle mounted for vertical reciprocation upon the column; a supporting head enclosed within the saddle; means for rotating the supportingrhead; an adap tor eccentrically mounted in the lower portion of the head; means for varying the position of said adaptor with reference to the axis of the head; a grinder carried at the lower end of the adaptor; and sneed multiplying gearing for imparting rotative movement to the grinder in excess of that imparted to the `head.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ULRICH ANDERSON. 

